Influence of neo-classicism on Portuguese tile

The country of Portugal has deep rooted history and culture and their interaction with various civilizations since the ancient era has resulted in the formation of a very diverse Portuguese culture which has been impacted by various other civilizations and imbibed their qualities. The Portuguese tiles are one of the most common architectural features found in the country. In every nook and corner, in churches, buildings and pavements multicolored tiles of varied designs, shapes and sizes can be observed. It is interesting to note that the Portuguese tiles or azulejos derived their name from Arabic origins, more specifically from the term az-zulavi referring to a form of polished stone. It is to be noted that the use of such tiles can be traced to Egypt and therefore these were not essentially invented by the Portuguese. But over the years, the Portuguese artists have given the azulejos a distinct style and character.

In the field of arts, there have been noted various movements which have impacted the different art forms be it literature, the visual arts or architecture. Similarly there has been noted a considerable influence of certain movements or concepts in the development or progress of the Portuguese tiles and it is interesting to note that these influences have opened up new avenues in terms of the stylization and pattern of the tiles. The neo-classical influences were mostly widely noted on the Portuguese tiles during the 19th century and it brought in various new patterns of designing. The Portuguese tiles or azulejos were now united with different kinds of murals. The ornamentation was not at all heavy and rather delicate and graceful. These azulejos were designed according to the tastes and preferences of the newly emerging bourgeoisie class. In different parts of Portugal like in Oporto and Lisbon, tile factories were set up to ensure increased production and the production of similar patterns in tile designing.